The obligation to attend school

Published on July 11, 2025

Did you know that failing to comply with the obligation of school attendance can lead to legal consequences for parents? Learn what the law provides and in which cases exceptions are permitted.

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In Quebec, school attendance is a legal obligation imposed on children starting at the age of 6. This obligation stems from the Education Act, which clearly outlines the responsibilities of parents and legal guardians regarding their child’s schooling.

The obligation of school attendance

A child must attend elementary school starting from the first day of the school calendar. This obligation begins in the school year following the one in which the child turns 6.

School attendance is mandatory (art. 14) until one of the following two points :

  • The end of the school year during which the child turns 16;
  • Or until the child obtains a high school diploma, if this happens before age 16.

It is important to note that a youth cannot leave school on their sixteenth birthday. They must complete the current school year.

Exceptions provided by law

The law provides certain exceptions to the obligation of school attendance (art. 15), including if :

  • The child has a physical or mental health problem;
  • The child has a disability or significant learning difficulties;
  • The child is authorized by the Ministry of Education to receive homeschooling;
  • The child has been expelled from school (the case must be reported to Youth Protection).

Even when no longer subject to the obligation, a youth retains the right to attend high school. This right remains until the age of 18, or up to 21 in the case of a disability.

Consequences of failing to meet the school attendance obligation

Failure to comply with the obligation of school attendance can lead to interventions by the school administration. The situation may be reported to the appropriate authorities, such as Youth Protection (DPJ).

If absenteeism is frequent and unjustified, parents may face sanctions. They have a legal responsibility to ensure their child receives an education.

Homeschooling : A legal alternative

Parents who wish to homeschool must comply with the Ministry of Education’s requirements. They must submit a learning project, provide progress reports, and agree to an annual evaluation of the child’s learning.

This option offers a degree of freedom, but it is strictly regulated by law.

In summary

In Quebec, not sending a child to school without a legally recognized reason is considered a legal violation. Parents therefore have a clear legal responsibility to ensure their children receive an education starting at age 6.

For any questions related to school attendance obligations or youth protection, contact Gaucher Ross Avocats today to receive legal support tailored to your situation.

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